Epistemes

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Michael Foucault’s System of Inquiry into Epistemes

foucault episteme에 대한 이미지 검색결과

“Episteme”: a controlling idea deeply imbedded in the social organization, so deeply imbedded that those features of the formation are commonplace and assumed to be the product or effect of that which is natural to the human.

Episteme Parts:
1. a stated cultural belief (usually in the form of a watchword or phrase)
            Woman was made for man.       

2. an actual, but hidden, goal-oriented idea (the actual belief)
            Sexuality is a frightening force.  It needs to be carefully controlled.

3. a derivative system of morality to establish right behavior according to the goal/idea
            Sexual mores keep people from the promiscuity that is possible.

4. concrete ritual and/or social behaviors that exhibit that moral system
Monogamy is to be idealized; pre-marital sex, extra-marital sex, and homosexual activities are to be avoided.

5. physical and emotional aspects of the human that are subjected to the behaviors
Sexual feelings alone are suspicious.  Love is required to ennoble a sexual relationship.

6. rewards, such as pleasure or economic gain, to reinforce those “subject” aspects
            Married couples filing joint tax returns get a tax break.

7. a rationale to clarify the purpose of the behavior and to naturalize the unstated
    goal/idea
            It is not natural for man to be alone.

8. evidence to support the rationale (that claim that the stated belief is natural)
            People who are married seem to be happier and live longer lives.

9. methods of knowing such evidence (an epistemology)
Social scientists gather careful data on the satisfaction level of married couples, couples living together without the benefit of marriage, single people, and people living in same-sex relationships.  

10. a body of knowledge derived from those methods
Statistics indicate that men are happier when they are married than when single.  On the other hand, homosexual mean complain of more dissatisfaction with their social life.

11. institutions to support that knowledge and those methods of study, thus maintaining the stated belief

Church, state, and school all recognize the sanctity of the institution of marriage.  When two people marry, contracts are signed.  Witnesses are present.  So is God.  In grammar school, students show their respect to their teachers by calling them “Mrs.”  Research institutions get grant money to study the demographics of marriage.  Television commercials depict married couples happily eating a gourmet frozen entrée together by candlelight and driving through autumn leaves together in really classy cars.

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