Teaching the English Sound System

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English Pronunciation for Bulgarian Speakers

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Areas of Difficulty for Bulgarian Speakers in Pronouncing English Sounds Consonants: I.     /t/ and /d/: Bulgarian speakers of English often pronounce the English /t/ and /d/ as inter-dental sounds.  Avoid touching the upper teeth with the blade of the tongue when you pronounce these sounds in different phonological environments.  Practice pronouncing the /t/ and /d/ by touching the alveolar ridge with the tip of the tongue. Avoid touching the upper teeth with the blade of the tongue. tailor           taciturn            tender               technique          teacher              battle           prattle        ...
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Schumann’s Acculturation Model

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Schumann's Acculturation Model Consider how these social and psychological factors affect the extent of the learner’s capacity to learn his or her second language (L2).   Schumann asserts that the more distance created between the L2 learner and his or her target language (TL) culture by such factors, the less contact s/he will have with the TL culture and thus the lower will his or her expected L2 proficiency be. Furthermore, he considers the social factors to be the prime influences; the psychological factors come into play and become the deciding factors only in situations where the combined social factors create neither positive nor negative circumstances for the learner.   Which outcomes of each of these factors make for a bad learning situation and which ones for a good learning situation? Consider as many as apply to your group’s learner testimonial. Social Distance Factors Social dominance : Is the learner’s native group dominant to, equal to, or subor...
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English Pronunciation for Turkish Speakers

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Areas of Difficulty for Turkish Speakers Consonants: I.    /t/ & /d/: When Turkish speakers of English pronounce these alveolar consonants, they touch the back of their upper teeth with the tip of their tongue. Instead, try to form a constriction by touching your alveolar ridge (the area behind your upper teeth) with the tip of your tongue. Pronounce these sounds in different phonological environments such as word-initial, medial, and final position and in consonant clusters. tiresome      little      brat       staple    burst     crest                  totalitarianism automatic    trickster            cattle     dental    tirade    tardy     training technique    tangle...
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